Before delving into the relationship between birth control pills and antral follicles, it is critical to understand how these pills work. Birth control pills are a common method of birth control that contain synthetic hormones, usually estrogen derivatives and progesterone derivatives. These hormones prevent ovulation by suppressing the release of luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) in the brain, i.e., they block ovarian function.
In the normal menstrual cycle, the ovaries harbor several antral follicles, which are small structures containing immature eggs. As the cycle progresses, one of these follicles develops and matures, releasing an egg in the process of ovulation. This is what allows for the possibility of fertilization and pregnancy.
Birth control pills reduce the number of antral follicles in the ovaries. This is a side effect of their mechanism of action. By suppressing ovulation, the hormones in birth control pills stop the growth and maturation of the antral follicles.
It should be noted that this effect is not permanent. When a person stops taking birth control pills, their ovaries generally regain the ability to produce antral follicles and mature eggs. The time this process takes may vary from person to person.
In women who have been taking oral contraceptives for many months, the antral follicle count may be decreased on ultrasound because the ovarian activity of the ovaries has slowed down. Depending on the individual patient, additional tests may be necessary to assess ovarian reserve, such as anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH).
Temporary reduction of antral follicles due to the use of birth control pills should not be a cause for concern for most people. Once you decide to seek pregnancy, your ability to produce eggs will usually be restored. However, if you have specific concerns about your fertility, it is a good idea to talk to a health care professional or fertility specialist.
